Supreme Court Cases, Thematic Essay - 861 Words

Thematic Essay-Supreme Court Cases The outcome of cases that have gone through the United States Supreme Court judicial branch have each had a major impact on how the laws and amendments of the United States Constitution are interpreted. Two cases in particular that expanded constitutional liberties is the case of Engel vs. Vitale (1962) and the case of Tinker vs. Des Moines School District (1969). Not only did both of these cases expand constitutional liberties in general, they more specifically, expanded rights within the school system. In the case of Engel vs. Vitale, the main topic dealt with prayer at school. The New York State board of regents composed a non-denominational prayer to be used in the state’s public schools.†¦show more content†¦In my opinion, this court case gives freedoms to students today when it comes to religious clubs or decisions to participate in religious activities and allows students to make their own choices to determine their path i n life. In the case of Tinker vs. Des Moines School District, the main topic dealt with a silent protest at school. During the winter of 1965, students organized a silent protest against the Vietnam War and wore black armbands to school. The school board learned about a possibility to this kind of protest a few days earlier and created a policy against antiwar protests. When the students wore the armbands to school they were going against the policy and were required to remove them or suspension from school would result. Five students refused and were sent home. The parents of the students appealed to the United States Supreme Court. As in the first case discussed, the issue before the court was also based on the first amendment of the Constitution. The question before the court was; â€Å"Do school officials have the right to restrict the free expression of students without first showing that such expression will disrupt the operation of the school?†. After deliberat ion, the court overturned the decisions of the lower courts and determined that the school board’s actions violated the first and fourteenthShow MoreRelatedHowl, By Allen Ginsberg1256 Words   |  6 PagesGinsberg references that will mean nothing to farmers in Iowa or Wall Street investors include: Paterson, Paradise Alley, Fugazzi, and Bowery. At times, Howl gets somewhat explicit, mentioning gyzym, cocksuckers, anal sex, and granite cocks. Thematic referencing aside, nothing (except seeing them all illustrated at once) in the previous sentence would be considered out of the ordinary for a reader to run across today while browsing the internet for light entertainment. The post goatse.cx (aRead MoreThe United States During The Civil War1045 Words   |  5 PagesJake Hassan 11/18/15 Thematic Essay (p.104) Throughout history, conflicts have risen regarding the handling of certain events. Often, these conflicts have played major roles in the development of the United States; two examples are the conflicting views of slavery between numerous states during the 19th century and the different viewpoints on how the United States would treat the South after the Civil War ended. [look over old assignments and see how you expanded these] Both ofRead MoreEssay about History: World War I and Bold Experiments7600 Words   |  31 Pagesfind the Thematic Timeline and Essay for Part 5 from America’s History, exercises to review your knowledge of the period, and AP-style questions that address the time period covered: 15 practice multiple-choice questions, 1 document-based question, and 3 free-response questions. Answers with page references to America’s History can be found at the end. Broward 115 116 F PART 5 Bold Experiments in an Era of Industrialization, 1877–1929 thematic timeline and Part Essay Bold ExperimentsRead MoreRegents Exam in U.S. History and Government7115 Words   |  29 Pagesanswer sheet. Then fill in the heading of each page of your essay booklet. This examination has three parts. You are to answer all questions in all parts. Use black or dark-blue ink to write your answers to Parts II, III A, and III B. Part I contains 50 multiple-choice questions. Record your answers to these questions as directed on the answer sheet. Part II contains one thematic essay question. Write your answer to this question in the essay booklet, beginning on page 1. Part III is based on severalRead MoreEssay on Bertrand Russell5284 Words   |  22 Pagesexpressed an admiration for the mystical, and an appreciation for religion in general, especially its humanistic elements, he could not accept the idea of God or any other forces beyond provable, natural ones. This led to such works as his famous essay, Why I Am Not a Christian. This was Russells basic worldview; but what is interesting about his beliefs is that they were mutable, always in a constant state of flux. For example, at one point in his life he argued passionately for the linkageRead MoreHaving Our Say Essay9582 Words   |  39 PagesCriticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources. (c)1998-2002; (c)2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® and Thomson Learning are trademarks used herein under license. The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beachams Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: Social Concerns, Thematic Overview, TechniquesRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagespresent state of my investigations.** Thus, in the case of partial changes in my orientation, or simply of new developments, or even when recent contributions to the field by other authors had to be accounted for, I have preferred toupdate merely by adding notes (rather long ones when necessary) instead of modifying the original texts. †  * Originally published in French under the title Essais sur la signification au cinema—TRANSLATOR. ** Except in one case, where the repetitive passage was too long andRead MoreConfucianism in Journey to the West31834 Words   |  128 Pagesinfluence, perhaps even alter, the ideologies of the audience.[3] Accordingly, analyzing the depiction of ideologies in media content can serve as a basis for further research on if and how producers intend to influence their audience. This particular case of Confucianism in the 1986 Journey to the West television series is especially interesting, due to China’s socio-political setting of that time. The influence of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) on media content[4] combined with its usage of ConfucianismRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael Peter Adas for the American Historical Association. p. cm.—(Critical perspectives on the past) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7Read MoreMba Solved Assignment Papers52670 Words   |  211 Pagestheir usefulness be evaluated as a basis for further research. It may also be considered whether the already stated hypothesis suggests new hypothesis. In this way the researcher should review and build upon the work already done by others, but in cases where hypothesis have not yet been formulated, his task is to review the available material for deriving the relevant hypothesis from it. Besides, the bibliographical survey of studies, already made in one’s area of interest may as well as made by

How the American Revolution Got Started Free Essays

The events that took place before the American Revolution affected history in such a way giving the British and colonists the need to have a Revolution. The French and Indian war is the name for the war that took place between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. The aftermath of this war was a big part leading up to the American Revolution. We will write a custom essay sample on How the American Revolution Got Started or any similar topic only for you Order Now The war changed economic, political, and social relations between the three European powers (Britain, France, and Spain) their colonies and colonists, and the natives that occupied the territories they demanded. The war finally ended with the signing of the treaty of Paris in 1763. France and Britain suffered financially because of the war. The stamp act came along in 1765, this was a direct tax imposed by the British parliament on the colonies. The act required that almost all printed materials must be produced on stamped paper. This consisted of legal documents, magazines, newspapers etc. The purpose of this tax was to pay for troops stationed in North America after the British Victory in the seven years’ war. The stamp Act congress was a meeting of representatives from the thirteen colonies. They discussed and acted upon the stamp act that was passed by the governing parliament of Great Britain, and did not include any representatives from the colonies. The congress then put together the declaration of the stamp act congress, which was fourteen points of colonial protest. They issued it to the king and parliament in hopes of repealing the stamp act. The Townsend acts were a series of laws passed beginning in 1767 by the Great Britain parliament in relation to the British colonies in North America, The acts being named after Charles Townshend who was the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Overall this was an internal tax on economic activity within a single colony; Townsend wanted the external taxes which was an economic activity that goes through a colony and into other parts of the country. Such as paint, glass, tea etc. He thought we should use the money to pay the colonial governor, other parliaments and the king’s salaries. Another event was the Boston massacre, an incident that happened in March of 1770. It started out as a street fight, the civilians being mad at the British for taxing everything and ended in Britain redcoats killing five civilians. This caused a lot rebellion in the British American colonies leading us towards the American Revolution. Five years later Shots were heard around the world. Paul Revere on April 18th yelled out the British regulars are coming! The first shot was fired by the British in Lexington, and then they went to Concord. Then our militia stopped them and turned them back to Boston. This was the start of the revolution, minute men were ready to stand in a minutes warning. The colonists were not going to stand for the British taking over their land and taxing them on all of their goods, so they fought for their rights. US constitution There were proposals at the philadelphia constitution convention in 1787. These proposals were the virginia plan, and the new jersey plan that people did not like. The US contitution was ratified after the Great compromise came into effect. Otherwise known as the conneticut plan. This consisted of a strong national government (tax, raising an army, regulated trade, and supremed laws). Another was the seperation of powers between legislative and executive. Also there would be two houses of congress, the senate and the House of Representatives. The states would be able to choose their US senators. Lastly there was the slavery 3/5th compromise meaning a slave counts as 3/5 of a person. When the U. S. Constitution was presented to the states, many people chose to be either Federalists or Anti-Federalists. Virginia and many other states were against the Constitution because there was no bill of rights included in it. James Madison was known as the â€Å"Father of the Constitution†, and he and Alexander Hamilton were two Federalists who supported the Constitution and explicated it in the Federalist papers (1788). On the other side George Mason, an Anti-Federalist, opposed the Constitution. Federalist (James madison) wanted a stronger government and argued to ratify the constitution. The US constitution will control factions which is a group of people with a common interest and economic seek to control government for own benefit. 1. ) Also the bigger the better in a national government, multiple factions will cancel one another out. 2. ) WE will choose the best among us to govern for the common good (republicanism) Anti Federalists – opposed to ratifying the constitution Partrick henry thought things were okay before the philadalphia convention and we were at peace. He also thought a large government would have to resort to tyranny to control everything menaing a loss of individual rights. He thought we should have lumped the states into a consolidated government. Samuel bryan thought governing over such a large area would be unable to address local concerns. Richard henry lee didn’t know it would be such a huge change. How to cite How the American Revolution Got Started, Essay examples

Importance of Change Management Process

Question: Discuss about the Importance of Change Management Process. Answer: Introduction This report basically discusses the importance of change, and examination why resistance is a problem and how to manage the resistance. The report is also discussed about the relationship between the power and resistance. Along with this, the ethics of managerial and of resistance position is also discussed in this report so that resistance to change can be managed ethically by the organization. The main aim of this report is to focus on the importance of change management process with the topic resistance to change. This report describes the importance of the change process in the organization. Along with this, the report also focuses on the main cause of the resistance to change and to manage that. Many researchers have given their assumption that the resistance to change is very costly and time consuming process which can delay the process of change in the organization. Along with this, the assumption also has been given that the resistance to change can be used as learning point by the managers to develop (Lee Teo, 2005). The change in any organization refers to the movement from present to future to make or do something different from others. Organizational change includes planning to move from present stage to future stage. Change in the organization can be change in mission, operational changes, technological changes or change in the behavior or working styles of employees etc. Resistance in the change takes place when change is not understood by the people in the organization. There can be many reasons of change such as lack of clarity, dislike of change, change in speed and perceived negative effects by the people etc. actually, change is not a problem. Change in every organization is an important process. If an organization wants to grow in the market, it has to adopt some changes. The change could be in many strategies such as change in business operations, change in vision or mission, change in business strategy etc. but change is not a simple process. Employees move towards resistance to change. The reason of their resistance is that they fear from the unknown things such as how the change will impact on them, on their performance, relationship with others and other job related things. Sometimes, there can be psychological resistance; the members may have in the organization (Kreinen, Hollensbe Sheep, 2006). The reason of resistance of change can be as follows: Sometimes, the people move towards resistance to change so that they can avoid the uncertainty. The past things are well known to them. In such case they become afraid to adopt new things. Employees become very afraid when they exchange old and familiar strategies to new and uncertain strategies. They dont have the knowledge about new things. In such case, they move towards resistance (Hensmans, 2003). One of the main causes of resistance can be the disturbance in their daily routine. Every person follows a habitual routine and pattern in his life. It is very difficult to exchange the past routine with the new routine for the employees. So they move toward resistance to change. When the employees feel pressure because of the change in the organization. When employees find difficulties in fulfill their task and goals then they move towards resistance. A small amount of resistance is acceptable in the change but if the resistance goes beyond the lines, it becomes a problem for the organization (Thomas, Hardy, 2011). Resistance as a problem that must be managed One of the real problem in the change process resistance to change. Resistance to change must be managed by the organization with effective change management program (Mar, 2013). Basically, resistance takes place when the employees are not comfortable with the change or they are facing pressure and they are uncomfortable because of the change. So, it is necessary that organization understand the needs and their thoughts and implement the change according to them. Resistance to change is problematic for the organization because when it crosses the line, it puts a negative impact on the organization. Sometimes, resistance becomes an ongoing process which can have a negative effect on the other employees. So, there is a need to manage the resistance timely otherwise it can become a serious issue within the organization. Resistance can be the reason of lower of morality, decreased efficiency in business operation, and distracted work environment. Because of differences in the thoughts, there can be conflicts between the employees of the organizations (Rick, 2013). Organization need to formulate an effective strategy to tackle the issue of resistance to change. Managers need to communicate with the employees and listen their viewpoints so that they will be able to know that where the problems the employees are facing. It is very necessary to manage the resistance because it can become a serious problem in future and it can stop the business operat ions of the organization. Resistance may arise from a genuine understanding of the change or from misunderstanding, or even almost total ignorance about it. By the communication, facilitation, support, manipulation or co-operations, managers will be able to tackle the resistance in the organization. Change is an essential part of organizational growth. To survive in the competitive market, organization must adopt strategic changes which lead to success. By the strategic changes, organization will be able to face new challenges which are arising in the market. It becomes difficult to change something with many people by the organization. Because of resistance to change, the process of change can be delayed for short time or long time. So, it is very important for the organizations to learn how to manage the resistance to change. Power can be a key element in managing the resistance to change (McKay, Marshall, Grainger, Hirschheim, 2012). Power refers to the process which affects the viewpoints, thoughts, opinion, and behavior of someone by respecting of their wish and desires. The power is expected to have the ability to manage the resistance to change in the organization. Organizations use power to collect the information by which it can minimize the impact of resistance to cha nge on the business practices. Power is used on the basis of skills, ability, knowledge and labor to implement change successfully in the organization (Leming and Spicer, 2006). Thus, there is the mutual dependency relationship between the power and resistance. Resistance can be a problem for the organization and managers need to tackle this issue with the ability and capability. Power has the ability to change the perception of someone. If it is used effectively by the managers, the negative impact of resistance can be minimizing at some level (Erkama, 2010). Ethical implications to understand resistance Change is an ongoing process in the business operations. Organizations are continuously adopting the change process to stay competitive in the market. To implement the change and to manage the resistance to change, the ethics and responsibilities are the most important part in the change management. There are some ethical codes which change managers have to fulfill while implementing the change process in the organization (Wooldridge, Schmid Floyd, 2008). They have to ensure that every employee is satisfied with the change occurring in the organization. Along with this, change managers have responsibility to maintain the ethical standards in the organization to take decisions. Managers have duty to motivate the employees who face ethical issues during change process (Probst, 2003). There are some ethical responsibilities of managers who are managing change in the organization: Managers have the higher and important position that makes them responsible for the ethical conducts within the organization. Managers have to observe the behavior and attitude of the employees to ensure that their behaviors are appropriate for the organization or not. Along with this, managers also have the responsibility to minimize the unethical behavior which impact on the business practices of the organization. Managers in the organizations are also responsible for implementing new changes with the ethical codes so that organizations can achieve its objectives. Along with these, managers also have the responsibility of professional ethics according to their role and position (Stemwedel, 2014). Managers have to adopt effective change management process to address the impact of resistance. Change management is an important part of the change process within an organization. The change management process is performed by the managers who ensure the success of the organization by the change process. Change management includes managing the resistance in the organization and focuses on the achieving the organizational goals and objectives. For implementing successful change management process, managers have to adopt some rational views while performing the change process (Hjorth Daniel 2005). Change management process is an essential activity to minimize the resistance to change within the organization. The change process requires proper decisions by the change managers. Along with this, change process is a difficult process also so; it requires sufficient resources for performing change process by the managers. In the rational view of the change management, the manager should ha ve full information of decision problem, so that he will be able to do right decision to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. If the change manager takes decision in a proper manner then it will lead to the success of the organization in the competitive market (Jabri, 2012). The steps which should be adopted in the change management process by the managers are as follows: Identifying and understanding the actual problem in the organization, Alternative understanding of the problem, Evaluation of the options, Choosing best possible option, Implementing the solution, and Observe the success of the change implementation (Karreman Alvesson, 2009). By adopting these processes, change manager will be able to implement the successful change management plan within the organization to manage the resistance and to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization (Roberts, 2005). Conclusion of the report From above discussion, it has been analyzed that the resistance is usual and general apect which is associated with the change management process in the organization. The survival of an organization depends upon the growth and satisfaction level of the employees. It has been observed that resistance can be considered as a problem which should be managed effectively. It can be the cause of conflicts between the managers and decrease the efficiency of the business operations. To overcome from the impact of the resistance, organizations are trying to find out the new and effective ways so that change process can be effective implemented. Change is an ongoing process in the business operations. To implement the change and to manage the resistance to change, the ethics and responsibilities are the most important part in the change management. They will lead to success. Along with this, it has been observed that managers have duty to motivate the employees who face ethical issues during ch ange process. In the change process, Change management includes managing the resistance in the organization and focuses on the achieving the organizational goals and objectives. Change management process is an essential activity to minimize the resistance to change within the organization. The change process requires proper decisions by the change managers. It includes understanding the actual problem in the organization and implementing the solution for successful change management process. From the above discussion, it has been analyzed that change in the organization is an important process to survive in the competitive environment. To lead a successful change, organization needs to understand that resistance to change is a problem for the organization and it is necessary to minimize the impact of the resistance on the business process. Managers need to adopt some business ethics in the change management process to ensure that the employees are satisfied with the change process o r not. The reason is that the employees are the key elements of the growth of the business of any organization. Thus, resistance should be managed properly by the organizations. Reference Erkama, N. (2010). Power and resistance in a multinational organization: Scandinavian Journal of Management. 26. pp 151-165. Hensmans, M., (2003) Social Movement Organizations: A metaphor for strategic actors in institutional fields: Organization Studies, 24(3): 355-381. Hjorth, Daniel (2005). Organizational Entrepreneurship: with de Certeau on Creating Heterotopias (or spaces for play): Journal of Management Inquiry. 14(4). 386- 398. Jabri, (2012). Understanding and managing organizational resistance. pp. 219-236. Karreman, D., Alvesson, M. (2009). Resisting resistance: Counter resistance, consent and compliance in a consultancy firm: Human Relations, 62(8), 11151144. Kreinen, G. E., Hollensbe, E. C., Sheep, M. L. (2006). On the edge of identity: Boundary dynamics at the interface of individual and organizational identities. Human Relations, 59(10), 13151341. Lee, G., Teo, A., (2005). Organizational restructuring: Impact on trust and work satisfaction: Asia Pacific Journal of Management. (22). 2339. Leming and Spicer (2006). The faces of power in organisations. In Contesting the corporation: Struggle, power and resistance in organizations. Cambridge University Press. Chapter 1 Mar, A., (2013). Why Resistance to Change is a Big Problem. Retrieved on 6th October 2016 from https://management.simplicable.com/management/new/why-resistance-to-change-is-a-big-problem McKay, J., Marshall, P., Grainger, N., Hirschheim, R., (2012). Change Implementers Resistance: Considering Power and Resistance in IT Implementation Projects: Change Implementers Resistance. Retrieved on 6th October 2016 from https://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30049124/mckay-changeimplementers-2012.pdf Probst, T. M. (2003). Exploring employee outcomes of organizational restructuring: A Solomon four-group study. Group Organization Management. 28(3). 416439. Rick, T., (2013). CHANGE IS NOT THE PROBLEM RESISTANCE TO CHANGE IS THE PROBLEM. . Retrieved on 6th October 2016 from https://www.torbenrick.eu/blog/change-management/change-is-not-the-problem-resistance-to-change-is-the-problem/ Roberts, L. M. (2005). Changing faces: Professional image construction in diverse organizational settings: Academy of Management Review. 30. 695711. Stemwedel, J. D., (2014). Resistance to ethics is different from resistance to other required courses. Retrieved on 6th October 2016 from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/doing-good-science/resistance-to-ethics-is-different-from-resistance-to-other-required-courses/ Thomas, R. Hardy, C. (2011) Reframing resistance to organisational change. Scandinavian Journal of Management. 27 pp. 322-331 Wooldridge, B., Schmid, T., Floyd, S. W. (2008). The middle management perspective: Contributions, synthesis and future research: Journal of Management. 34. 11901221.